How do CGRP medicines work for a migraine?

CGRP (calcitonin gene-related peptide) medications are a class of drugs that have been developed to prevent migraine attacks. They work by blocking the activity of CGRP, a protein that is involved in the transmission of pain signals in the brain. During a migraine attack, the levels of CGRP increase in the brain, causing inflammation and dilation of blood vessels. This leads to the throbbing pain and other symptoms associated with migraines.

CGRP medications, which are also known as CGRP antagonists or CGRP monoclonal antibodies, work by binding to CGRP and preventing it from binding to its receptors in the brain. By blocking CGRP activity, these medications reduce inflammation and prevent the dilation of blood vessels, which can help to prevent migraine attacks from occurring. CGRP medications are given by one of three ways: as a pill, as an injection or as an infusion. When used for prevention migraines, they are typically administered once every month or every three months, depending on the specific medication. They have been shown to be effective in reducing the frequency and severity of migraines in many people. The medicines are generally well-tolerated with few side effects.

Examples of CGRP medicines used to treat migraines include Nurtec, Ubrevly, Qulipta, Vyepti, Emgality, Aimovig and Ajovy.